Pelham and Hackamore Bits: Usage Guide, Differences, and When to Use Them
The Pelham and the Hackamore are two of the most specialized bits in equestrianism. Both have specific uses and are not suitable for beginners. Here, we explain when and why to use them.
The Pelham Bit
The Pelham is a double-action bit: it acts as a snaffle (direct rein) and a curb bit simultaneously. It is used with two reins or with a connector (couplee).
- When to use Pelham: Horses that need more control than a snaffle but do not adapt well to a full bridle. Very commonly used in show jumping.
- Who should use it: Riders with established and experienced hands. Not for beginners.
- Disciplines: Show jumping (very popular), polo, fox hunting.
The Hackamore (bitless)
The Hackamore acts without any element in the horse's mouth. Pressure is exerted on the nose and poll by a mechanical piece.
- When to use Hackamore: Horses with mouth problems (injuries, extreme sensitivity) or that reject any metal in the mouth.
- Types: Mechanical Hackamore (lever) and Soft Hackamore (without lever, bosal type).
- Regulations: Permitted in some show jumping disciplines. Prohibited in FEI dressage.
Quick Comparison
| Pelham | Hackamore | |
|---|---|---|
| Action on | Mouth (double) | Nose and poll |
| Reins | 2 reins or couplee | 1 rein |
| Rider level | Intermediate-advanced | Advanced or specific need |
