Types of Bits and Mouthpieces

Updated: June 2026 · Rincón del Valle Team

Bits differ by their articulation, action, and material.

Single-jointed snaffle

One joint. Basic dressage, general jumping.

Double-jointed snaffle

Center link. More accepted by the horse.

Pelham

Combination of snaffle and curb. Reserved for advanced riders.

Curb bit (pure)

Curb only. High-level dressage, double bridle.

Rubber bit

Soft material. Sensitive horses, beginners.

Gag bit

Lifting system. Specific cases with professional supervision.

Related resources

Extended information

Main types

The single-jointed snaffle, the articulated snaffle, the double bridle, the serreta, the pelham, and the hackamore are the main groups. Each acts on different points: tongue, bars, corners of the mouth, palate, chin groove. No bit is universally better; the right one depends on each horse and each discipline.

Correct fit

The width must correspond to the horse's mouth, with half a centimeter of margin on each side. The height is adjusted to form one or two soft wrinkles at the corners of the mouth, without tension. A poorly fitted bit due to size or height is a frequent cause of the horse's resistance that does not respond to correction through riding.

Frequently asked questions

Does a more severe bit provide better control?

Almost never. Control comes from the horse's training and the rider's hands, not the bit.

Can you ride bitless?

Yes, with a hackamore or rope halter. In regulated competitions, a bit is usually mandatory.

How do I know if the bit fits the horse well?

Relaxed closed mouth, soft chewing of the bit, absence of sustained resistance.