Concentrates vs. forage: which should be the basis of the diet

A common confusion in equine nutrition is the role of feed versus forage. Some owners overfeed with concentrate thinking it is the main component, when the horse's biology says otherwise. This comparison clarifies what should be the foundation and why.

Comparison Table

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Characteristic	Forage (hay/pasture)	Compound feed
Role in diet	Fundamental base	Supplement according to work
Recommended proportion	60-100% of ration	Only what is necessary
Digestive function	Maintains transit and intestinal health	Provides concentrated energy and nutrients
Risk of excess	Low	Colic, laminitis if overused
Consumption time	Long (natural chewing)	Fast
Essential	Yes, always	Not always (leisure horse)

Conclusion

Forage should always be the basis of the equine diet: between 60% and 100% of the ration. Concentrate is a supplement that covers the energy deficit when work demands it. A well-foraged leisure horse may not need concentrate. Reversing the proportion (lots of concentrate, little forage) is one of the most damaging mistakes in feeding management.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a horse live on forage alone?

Many leisure horses can, with quality forage and perhaps a vitamin-mineral corrector. Concentrate is added according to work.

How much concentrate is too much?

More than 2 kg per meal or high cereal rations increase the risk of colic. Divide into several meals if more is needed.

What happens if there is a lack of forage?

The risk of ulcers, colic, and stereotypies increases. Access to forage many hours a day is a priority.