Concentrates vs. forage: which should be the basis of the diet

A common misconception in equine nutrition is the role of feed compared to forage. Some owners overfeed with feed thinking it is the main thing, when the biology of the horse says otherwise. This comparison clarifies what should be the base and why.

Comparison table

Characteristic	Forage (hay/grass)	Compound feed
Role in the diet	Fundamental base	Supplement according to work
Recommended proportion	60-100% of the ration	Only as needed
Digestive function	Maintains transit and intestinal health	Provides energy and concentrated nutrients
Risk from excess	Low	Colic, laminitis if abused
Consumption time	Long (natural chewing)	Fast
Essential	Yes, always	Not always (leisure horse)

Conclusion

Forage should always be the base of the equine diet: between 60% and 100% of the ration. Feed is a supplement that covers the energy deficit when work requires it. A well-foraged leisure horse may not need feed. Reversing the proportion (lots of feed, little forage) is one of the most harmful errors in nutritional management.

Frequently asked questions

Can a horse live on forage alone?

Many leisure horses can, with quality forage and perhaps a vitamin-mineral corrector. Feed is added according to work.

How much feed is too much?

More than 2 kg per feeding or high cereal rations increase the risk of colic. Divide into several feedings if more is needed.

What happens if forage is lacking?

The risk of ulcers, colic, and stereotypies increases. Access to forage for many hours a day is a priority.